Pengembangan Media Smart Box Terintegrasi Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Berpikir Kritis di Sekolah Dasar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v4i3.1337Keywords:
Smart Box, Problem Based Learning, berpikir kritis, Pendidikan Pancasila, sekolah dasarAbstract
Kemampuan berpikir kritis menjadi kompetensi essential dalam menghadapi tantangan abad ke-21, namun pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila di sekolah dasar masih menghadapi kendala dalam mengembangkan kemampuan ini akibat penggunaan media pembelajaran yang terbatas dan pendekatan yang kurang kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media Smart Box terintegrasi model Problem Based Learning yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) yang melibatkan 10 peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri 8 Wonosobo. Validasi dilakukan oleh tiga ahli (materi, desain pembelajaran, dan media), sedangkan efektivitas diukur melalui pretest-posttest design dengan instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kritis yang telah divalidasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk aspek validitas dan kepraktisan, serta uji Paired Sample T-Test untuk mengukur efektivitas media. Validasi ahli menunjukkan media Smart Box sangat valid dengan persentase: materi 83%, desain pembelajaran 91%, dan media 84%. Kepraktisan media terkonfirmasi melalui respon guru (100%) dan peserta didik (97,8%) yang sangat positif. Efektivitas media terbukti signifikan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,01) pada uji Paired Sample T-Test, menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dari rata-rata pretest 74,4 menjadi posttest 82,1 dengan gain 7,7 poin (10,35%). Media Smart Box terintegrasi model Problem Based Learning terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sekolah dasar. Integrasi empat sisi Smart Box dengan sintaks Problem Based Learning berhasil memfasilitasi pengembangan indikator berpikir kritis (interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference) melalui pembelajaran yang student-centered dan kontekstual. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan media pembelajaran inovatif untuk implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dan menyediakan framework yang dapat diadopsi untuk pengembangan media pembelajaran sejenis di berbagai mata pelajaran.
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